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Giant gas planets, such as Jupiter, Saturn and most exoplanets, cannot be described by usual plasma physics since the particles in these objects are strongly correlated. The same holds true for white dwarf stars which have even more exotic properties namely highly degenerate, relativistic electrons while the ions are frozen into a lattice structure. The talk will give an introduction how such objects can be theoretically described and modelled by first principles simulations. In a second part, experimental methods to measure the properties of dense plasmas in the laboratory are reviewed. These attempts are often related to problems in inertial fusion research. In the contrast to astrophysical objects, high-density plasmas in the laboratory are always transient in nature. A short summary of the different relaxation processes will therefore conclude the talk.