糖心TV

Introduction

Since prehistory, festivals and rituals have marked the progress of the year. Their value was recognised during the French and Russian revolutions as well as in Francoist Spain and communist and post-communist Eastern Europe. This is the first of two seminars in which we will examine the development of these rituals. We will divide into two groups: one group will focus on festivals and rituals from November to January and one group will focus on festivals and rituals from February to April.

Seminar Question

Compare and contrast the development of festivals and rituals between November and April across Europe and the British Isles.

Required Reading

Hutton, Ronald, (Oxford, 2001) [Each of you should read the Preface and ONE of the chapters for the months your group is studying]

Kitowicz, J臋drzej, , ed. and trans. Oscar E. Swan (Budapest, 2019) [Each of you should read the Preface and TWO of the chapters in Part II (Chapter 5-11) which relate to the months you are studying]

Further Reading

Alford, Violet, 鈥樷��, Folklore 41/3 (1930), 266–79.

Ballard, Linda M., 鈥樷��, Archaeology Ireland 3/4 (1989), 132–35.

Bartmi艅ski, Jerzy, 鈥樷��, The Slavic and East European Journal 34/1 (1990), 83–97

Bennett, Margaret, ed., Scottish Customs: From the Cradle to the Grave (Edinburgh, 1992)

Berezin, Mabel, 'Colonizing Time: Rhythms of Fascist Ritual in Verona,' in Mabel Berezin, (Ithaca, NY, 1997), 141-95.

Brand, John, Observations on Popular Antiquities: Chiefly Illustrating the Origin of our Vulgar Customs, Ceremonies and Superstitions, ed. Henry Ellis, 2 vols (London, 1813), .

Brody, Alan, The English Mummers and their Plays: Traces of Ancient Mystery (Philadelphia, 1970)

Carbon, Jan-Mathieu, 'Ritual Cycles: Calendars and Festivals', in The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, ed. Esther Eidinow, and Julia Kindt (Oxford, 2015), 537-50.

Cashman, Ray, 鈥樷��, Journal of Folklore Research 37/1 (2000), 73–84.

膶aval, Sa拧a, 鈥楲ocating the Festival, Positioning the Feast: Natural and Calendar Festivals in Medieval Slovenia鈥�, World Archaeology 50/2 (2018), 300-22.

Costa, Xavier, Sociability and the Public Sphere in the Fallas of Valencia, PhD thesis (University of 糖心TV, 2015)

Creed, Gerald W., Masquerade and Postsocialism: Ritual and Cultural Dispossession in Bulgaria (Bloomington, 2010)

Cressy, David, Bonfires and Bells: National Memory and the Protestant Calendar in Elizabethan and Stuart England (London, 1989)

Cyriax, A. Kellgren, 鈥樷��, Folklore 34/4 (1923), 314–21.

Davies, Owen, and Ceri Houlbrook, Link opens in a new window (Manchester, 2025), Chapter 1.

Drury, Susan, 鈥樷��, Folklore 98/2 (1987), 194–99.

Esteve-Faubel, Jos茅-Mar铆a, and Rosa-Pilar Esteve-Faubel, 鈥樷��, Western Folklore 74/3/4 (2015) 343–75

Evans, E. Estyn, Irish Folk Ways (1957; rept. New York, 2000)

Ginzburg, Carlo, The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, trans. John and Anne Tedeschi (Baltimore, 1992)

H氓land, Evy Johanne, Greek Festivals, Modern and Ancient. A Comparison of Female and Male Values (Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017)

Hannant, Sara, Mummers, Maypoles and Milkmaids: A Journey Through the English Ritual Year (London, 2011)

Harris, Max, Carnival and Other Christian Festivals: Folk Theology and Folk Performance (Austin, TX, 2003)

Hasluck, Margaret M, 鈥樷��, Folklore 38/2 (1927) 143–77.

Hole, Christina, A Dictionary of British Folk Customs (Oxford, 1995)

Hugoson, Marlene, 鈥樷�淚nstant Tradition鈥�: The Introduction of the Swedish Easter Tree鈥�, Folklore 117/1 (2006), 75-86.

Hutton, Ronald, 鈥楳odern Pagan Festivals: A Study in the Nature of Tradition鈥�, Folklore 119/3, (2008), 251-73

Johnson, Helen Sewell, 鈥樷��, The Journal of American Folklore 81/320 (1968), 133–42.

Johnston, Derek, Haunted Seasons: Television Ghost Stories for Christmas and Horror for Halloween (Houndmills, 2015)

Jones, Bryan, 鈥樷��, Folklore 27/3 (1916), 301–07.

Kingshill, Sophia, and Jennifer Westwood, The Fabled Coast: Legends and Traditions from Around the Shores of Britain and Ireland (London, 2014)

Knab, Sophie Hodorowicz, Polish Customs, Traditions and Folklore, rev. ed (New York, 1996)

Langeslag, P. S., Seasons in the Literatures of the Medieval North (Cambridge, 2015)

Lindahl, Carl, John McNamara and John Lindow, eds, Medieval Folklore: An Encyclopedia of Myths, Legends, Tales, Beliefs, and Customs, 2 vols (Oxford, 2000)

Lyle, Emily, 鈥楾he Celtic Seasonal Festivals in the Light of Recent Approaches to the Indo-European Ritual Year鈥�, Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium 23 (2003), 184-99

McCluskey, S.C., 鈥楾he Mid-Quarter Days and the Historical Survival of British Folk Astronomy鈥�, Journal for the History of Astronomy 20(13) (1989) 1-19

Moss, Leonard W., 鈥樷��, The Journal of American Folklore 76/300 (1963), 134–35.

Motz, Lotte, 鈥樷��, Folklore 95/2 (1984), 151–66.

Muir, Edward, Ritual in Early Modern Europe, 2nd ed. (Cambridge, 2005)

Newall, Venetia, 鈥楾hrowing the Hood at Haxey: A Lincolnshire Twelfth-Night Custom鈥�, Folk Life 18/1 (1980), 7-23

O虂 hO虂ga虂in, Da虂ithi虂, The Lore of Ireland: An Encyclopaedia of Myth, Legend and Romance (Woodbridge, 2006)

Orme, Nicholas, Going to Church in Medieval England (New Haven, 2021)

Ovid, Fasti, ed. and trans. Anne Wiseman and Peter Wiseman (Oxford, 2011)

Owen, Trefor M., 鈥樷��, Folklore 84/3 (1973), 238–51.

Owen, Trefor M., Welsh Folk Customs (Cardiff, 1959)

Ozouf, Mona, Festivals and the French Revolution, trans. Alan Sheridan (Cambridge, Mass., 1988)

, ed. Francis Young (Leeds, 2022)

Parker, Eleanor, (London, 2022)

Perry, Joe, Christmas in Germany: A Cultural History (Chapel Hill, NC, 2010)

Robertson, Noel, Festivals and Legends: The Formation of Greek Cities in the Light of Public Ritual (Toronto, 1992)

Rogers, Nicholas Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night (Oxford, 2002)

Roud, Steve, The English Year: A Month-by-Month Guide to the Nation's Customs and Festivals, from May Day to Mischief Night (Harmondsworth, 2008)

Ruiz, Teofilo F., A King Travels: Festive Traditions in Late Medieval and Early Modern Spain (Princeton, NJ, 2012)

艩aknys, 沤ilvytis Bernardas, 'The Urban Ritual Year. Religion, Ethnicity and Ideology', in , ed. Ekaterina Anastasova, Svetoslava Toncheva (Sofia, 2018), pp. 164-77.

艩aknys, 沤ilvytis, 鈥楴ational and Confessional Features of Festivals and Holidays: Structure of the Ritual Year in Modern Lithuania and Bulgaria鈥�, Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies 4 (2021), 199-222

Salve, Kristi, 鈥楩isherman's Work and the Sea in the Livonian Folk Calendar鈥�, Folklore. Electronic Journal of Folklore 1 (1996), 26-50

Salzman, Michele Renee, 'Structuring Time: Festivals, Holidays and the Calendar', in The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Rome, ed. Paul Erdkamp (Cambridge, 2013), 478-96

Sedakova, Irina Aleksandrovna, 鈥楻estructuring of the Ritual Year in Post-Socialist Countries鈥�, Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore 47 (2011), 181-184

Senn, Harry, 鈥楻omanian Werewolves: Seasons, Ritual, Cycles鈥� Folklore 93/2 (1982), 206–15.

Shusterman, N. C., Festivals, Calendars, and the Nationalization of Time in France, 1642–1815, PhD thesis (University of California, Berkeley, 2004)

Simpson, Jacqueline, and Steve Roud, A Dictionary of English Folklore (Oxford, 2003)

Siporin, Steve, 鈥樷��, Journal of Folklore Research 45/2 (2008), 171–92.

Testa, Alessandro, Rituality and Social (Dis)Order: The Historical Anthropology of Popular Carnival in Europe (Abingdon, 2020)

Tokofsky, Peter, 鈥楳asking Gender: A German Carnival Custom in Its Social Context鈥�, Western Folklore 58/3/4 (1999), 299–318

Von Geldern, James, Bolshevik Festivals, 1917-1920 (Berkeley, 1993)

Walsh, Martin W, 鈥樷��, Folklore 111/2 (2000), 231–54.

Westwood, Jennifer, and Jacqueline Simpson, The Lore of the Land: A Guide to England's Legends, from Spring-Heeled Jack to the Witches of Warboys (Harmondsworth, 2005)

Westwood, Jennifer, and Sophia Kingshill, The Lore of Scotland: A Guide to Scottish Legends (London, 2009)

Williams-Davies, J., 鈥樷�淎 Time to Sow and a Time to Reap鈥�: The Welsh Farmer鈥檚 Calendar鈥�, Folklore 94/2 (1983), 229–34.

Electronic Resources

Ben Edge, (2024)

Bettany Hughes, (BBC, 2018)