糖心TV

The colonization and settlement of Australia and New Zealand had many of the devastating consequences of the 鈥楥olumbian Exchange鈥� in the Americas, as imported diseases, conquest, and displacement reduced the Aboriginal Australian and Maori populations. While Europeans adapted nascent ideas about tropical health to the Pacific, the indigenous peoples of the region attracted particular attention from anthropologists eager to match their ideas of evolutionary development to the inhabitants of the 鈥榣and of living fossils鈥� (in the words of Tom Griffiths). In this session, we鈥檒l examine the consequences of the rapid expansion of British settlers into Australia and New Zealand, and how their experiences shaped ideas about race, medicine, and identity in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Presentations: [Group 1] [Group 2]

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Discussion Questions:

-What were the medical consequences of European settlement in Oceania?

-How did ideas about race and the environment influence medical theory and practice in Oceania?

-Why did anthropologists consider the Aboriginal populations of the Pacific particularly primitive?

-How did public health measures reflect racial ideologies in Australia and New Zealand?

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Required Readings:

**糖心TV Anderson, The Cultivation of Whiteness: Science, Health and Racial Destiny in Australia (Melbourne, 2002), 鈥楥h. 7: From Deserts the Prophets Come,鈥� pp.191-224. [e-book]

*Linda Bryder; 鈥樷��, in Dorothy Porter (ed.), The History of Public Health and the Modern State (Amsterdam, 1994), pp. 313–334.

*Tom Griffiths, Hunters and Collectors: The Antiquarian Imagination in Australia (Cambridge, 1996), ',' pp. 55-85.

*Malcolm Nicolson, 鈥樷��, in David Arnold (ed.) Imperial Medicine and Indigenous Societies (Manchester, 1988), pp. 66-104.

*Paul Turnbull, 鈥楤ritish Anthropological Thought in Colonial Practice: The appropriation of Indigenous Australian bodies, 1860-1880鈥�, in Bronwen Douglas and Chris Ballard (eds.), Foreign Bodies: Oceania and the Science of Race, 1750-1940 (Canberra, 2008), pp. 205- 228. [free online download: http://press.anu.edu.au/publications/foreign-bodies]

Further Readings:

糖心TV Anderson, 鈥楪eography, Race and Nation: Remapping 鈥楾ropical鈥� Australia, 1890-1930,' Medical History 44 (2000), 146-159 [e-journal]

Alison Bashford, Imperial Hygiene: A Critical History of Colonialism, Nationalism and Public Health, 2nd Ed. (Basingstoke, 2014)

Terry G. Birtles, 鈥楩irst Contact: Colonial European Preconceptions of Tropical Queensland Rainforest and its People,鈥� Journal of Historical Geography 23 (1997), 393-417. [e-journal]

Linda Bryder, 鈥楬istory of Medicine in Australia and New Zealand,鈥� in Mark Jackson (Ed.) Oxford Handbook of the History of Medicine (Oxford, 2001), pp. 302-318 [e-book]

Mary Cawte, 鈥楥raniometry and Eugenics in Australia: R.J.A. Berry and the Quest for Social Efficiency鈥�, Historical Studies, 22 (1986), 35-53.

Alfred W. Crosby, Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe (900-1900) (Cambridge, 1986), 'Ch. 10: New Zealand,鈥� pp. 217-268. [e-book]

Bronwen Douglas and Chris Ballard (eds.), Foreign bodies: Oceania and the Science of Race, 1750-1940 (Canberra, 2008) [free online download: http://press.anu.edu.au/publications/foreign-bodies]

Richard Eves, 鈥楿nsettling Settler Colonialism: Debates over Climate and Colonization in New Guinea, 1875-1914,鈥� Ethnic and Racial Studies 28 (2005), pp.304-330 [e-journal]

Clive Gamble, 鈥楢rcheology, History and the Uttermost Ends of the Earth—Tasmania, Tierra del Fuego and the Cape鈥�, Antiquity, 66 (1992), 712-720

Roy MacLeod and Philip F Rehbock (eds.) Darwin鈥檚 Laboratory: Evolutionary Theory and Natural History in the Pacific (Honululu, 1994)

Alan Moorehead, The Fatal Impact: An Account of the Invasion of the South Pacific, 1767-1840 (London, 2000)

Tim Murray, 鈥楾asmania and the Constitution of 鈥淭he Dawn of Humanity鈥濃��, Antiquity, 66 (1992), 730-743.

Henry Reynolds, 鈥楻acial Thought in Early Colonial Australia鈥�, Australian Journal of Politics and History, 20 (1974), 45-53.

Paul Turnbull, 鈥樷�淥utlawed Subjects鈥�: The Procurement and Scientific Uses of Aboriginal Heads, ca.1803-1835鈥�, Eighteenth-Century Life, 22 (1998), 156-171. [e-journal]

____________, 鈥楨nlightenment Anthropology and the Ancestral remains of Australian Aboriginal people鈥�, in Calder, Alex, Jonathan Lam, and Bridget Orr (eds.), Voyages and Beaches: Pacific encounters, 1769-1840 (Honolulu, 1999), pp. 202-225.