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Lecture Powerpoint

Please click hereLink opens in a new window.

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Seminar Questions

• What effect did group participation have on acts of violence in the early modern period?
• What role did gender play in the rituals of collective violence?
• How was ritual group violence represented in contemporary sources?

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Required Reading

All students should read

• Roberts, Penny, 'Intercommunal Violence in Europe', in Robert J. Antony, Stuart Carroll, and Caroline Dodds Pennock, eds, (Cambridge, 2020), pp. 531-52.

All students should also analyse ONE of the following images:

• Anonymous, , c. 1572 AND François Dubois, The Massacre of Saint BartholomewLink opens in a new window, c. 1572-c. 1584

AND ONE of the following texts:

• Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully, Memoirs of the Duke of SullyLink opens in a new window, 4 vols (London, 1856), vol. 1, pp. 85-88 AND Jacques Auguste de Thou, '', in J.H. Robinson, Readings In European History, 2 vols. (Boston, 1906), vol. 2, pp. 180-183

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E-Resources

• Denis van Alsloot, Skating during Carnival, c. 1620Link opens in a new window
• Pieter Brueghel the Elder, The Fight between Carnival and Lent, 1559Link opens in a new window
• Willem Duyster, Carnival Clowns, c. 1620Link opens in a new window
• Jan Miel, Carnival Time in Rome, 1653Link opens in a new window
• Prince Charles visits a bullfight in Madrid, 1623Link opens in a new window
• Joseph Heintz, The Bull Hunt in Campo San Polo, Venice, 1646Link opens in a new window
• Joseph Heintz, The War of the Fists, Venice, 1673Link opens in a new window
• ''. In Our Time. BBC Radio programme broadcast on 27 November 2003.
• Flugblatt zum Teufel von Schiltach. Stefan Hamer, Nürnberg 1533Link opens in a new window.
• (Primary and Secondary Sources)

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Further Reading

General

Almansa y Mendoza, Andres, (London, 1623)

Bale, Anthony, Feeling Persecuted: Christians, Jews and Images of Violence in the Middle Ages (London, 2010)

Broomhall, Susan, '', French History 27/1 (2013), 1-20.

Davis, Robert C., '', Histoire Sociale - Social History 29 (1996), 275-290.

Davis, Robert C., (Oxford, 1994)

Hanlon, Gregory, '', War In History 11 (2004), 249-277

Muir, Edward, , 2nd ed. (Cambridge, 2005)

Perry, Mary Elizabeth, (Hanover, NH, 1980)

Roberts, Benjamin B., Sex and Drugs Before Rock 'n' Roll: Youth Culture and Masculinity During Holland's Golden Age (Amsterdam, 2014)

Roberts, Penny, Graeme Murdock and Andrew Spicer, eds, (Oxford, 2012)

Rosenthal, David, 'Big Piero, the Empire of the Meadow, and the Parish of Santa Lucia', Journal of Urban History 32 (2006), 677-692

Rosenthal, David, ‘The Genealogy of Empires: Ritual Politics and State Building in Early Modern Florence’, 8 (1999), 197-234.

Rosenthal, David, 'The Spaces of Plebeian Ritual and the Boundaries of Transgression', in Roger J. Crum and John T. Paoletti, eds, (Cambridge, 2006), pp. 161-181.

Salgado, James, (London, 1683)

Semmens, Justine, 'Plague, Propaganda and Prophetic Violence in Sixteenth-Century Lyon' in Jonathan Davies (ed.), (Farnham, 2013), pp. 83-104.

Tilly, Charles, (Cambridge, 2003)

Trexler, Richard C., (Ithaca, 1991)

Williams, James, '', Sport in History 28 (2008), 389-413

Wood, Andy, 'Collective Violence, Social Drama, and Rituals of Rebellion in Late Medieval and Early Modern England', in Stuart Carroll, ed., (Basingstoke, 2007), pp. 99-116.

Zemon Davis, Natalie, ‘The Rites of Violence’ in (Stanford, 1975), pp. 97-123, 152-187. [For the writing and influence of this seminal essay, see Graeme Murdock, Penny Roberts and Andrew Spicer, '', Past & Present 214/7 (2012)]

Carnival

Bakhtin, Mihhail, , trans. Hélène Iswolsky (Bloomington, IN, 1984)

Carroll, Linda L., '', Sixteenth Century Journal 16/4 (1985), 487-502

Ciappelli, Giovanni, (Rome, 1997)

Kinser, Samuel, '', Representations 13 (1986), 1-41

Kott, Jan, , trans. Daniela Miedzyrzecka and Lillian Vallee (Evanston, Ill., 1987)

Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel, , trans. Mary Feeney (London, 1980)

Plaisance, Michel, Florence in the Time of the Medici: Public Celebrations, Politics, and Literature in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries, trans. Nicole Carew-Reid (Toronto, 2008)

• Testa, Alessandro, (New York, 2021)

Charivari

Beik, William, '', Past and Present 197 (2007), 75-110.

Cashmere, John, 'The Social Uses of Violence in Ritual: Charivari or Religious Persecution?' European History Quarterly 21 (1991), 291-319.

Ingram, Martin, 'Charivari and Shame Punishments: Folk Justice and State Justice in Early Modern England', in Herman Roodenburg and Pieter Spierenburg, eds, (Ohio, 2004), pp. 288-308

Ingram, Martin, '', Past and Present 105 (1984), 79-113

Thompson, E. P., '', Folklore 103 (1992), 3-26

Massacres

Beaver, Daniel C. ',' Journal of British Studies 38 (1999), 187-216

Carroll, Stuart, '', French History 33/2 (2019), 177–198

Crouzet, Denis, (Paris, 1994)

Darnton, Robert, (Harmondsworth, 2001)

Diefendorf, Barbara, (Oxford, 1991)

Goethals, Jessica, '', Italian Studies 68/2 (2013), 175-201.

Jenner, Mark S. R., 'The Great Dog Massacre' in William G. Naphy and Penny Roberts, eds, (Manchester, 1997), pp. 44-61.

Kingdon, R.M., (Cambridge, Mass., 1988)

Levene, Mark, and Penny Roberts, eds, (New York, 1999)

Roberts, Penny, '', French History 33/2 (2019), 199–217

Rollo-Koster, Joëlle, 'The Politics of Transition: Pillaging and the 1527 Sack of Rome', in Jonathan Davies (ed.), (Farnham, 2013), pp. 41-60.

Soman, Alfred, (ed.), (The Hague, 1974)

Witchcraft and the Witch-Hunts

Apps, Lara, and Andrew Gow, (Manchester, 2003)

Barry, Jonathan, and Owen Davies, eds, Palgrave Advances in Witchcraft Historiography (Basingstoke, 2007)

Bever, Edward Watts Morton, , Journal of Social History 35 (2002), 955-88.

Briggs, Robin, (London, 1996)

Clark, Stuart, ed., (Basingstoke, 2001)

Clark, Stuart, (Oxford, 1997)

Ferber, Sarah, (London, 2004)

Jackson, Louise, ‘Witches, Wives and Mothers: Witchcraft Persecution and Women’s Confessions in Seventeenth-Century England’Link opens in a new window, Women’s History Review 4 (1995), 63-83.

Kors, Alan Charles, and Edward Peters, eds, (Philadelphia, 2001)

Levack, Brian P., ed., , 6 vols (London, 2001)

Levack, Brian P., The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe, 3rd ed. (London, 2006)

MacMillan, Ken, (ed.), Stories of True Crime in Tudor and Stuart England (London, 2015)

Oldridge, Darren, ed., , 2nd ed. (London, 2008)

Purkiss, Diane, (London, 1996)

Purkiss, Diane, ‘Women’s Stories of Witchcraft in Early Modern England: The House, the Body, the Child’, 7 (1995), 408-32.

Roper, Lyndal, (New Haven, 2004)

Walinski-Kiehl, Robert, , Men and Masculinities 6 (2004), 254-71.

Whitney, Elspeth, , Journal of Women’s History 7 (1995), 77-101.

Willis, Deborah, (Ithaca, 1995)