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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20260509T152051Z
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20211201T130000
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20211201T140000
SUMMARY:BMS Seminar - Bacterial odours: A new twist in the tale of patter
 n recognition and innate immunity in Caenorhabditis elegans\, Dr Varsha 
 Singh\, Department of Molecular Reproduction\, Development and Genetics\
 , Indian Institute of Science\, Bangalore
TZID:Europe/London
UID:20211201-8a1785d77cffa18a017d04ccecd930f9@warwick.ac.uk
CREATED:20211119T112513Z
DESCRIPTION:Abstract: Animals possess pattern-recognition mechanisms to d
 etect pathogens and to improve survival by altering their behaviour and 
 physiology. We utilize Caenorhabditis elegans as a model host to ask whe
 ther bacterial volatiles constitute microbe-associated molecular pattern
 s (MAMPs). Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry\, we identified si
 x prominent volatiles released by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
 A specific volatile\, 1-undecene\, activates nematode odour sensory neur
 ons inducing both flight and fight responses in worms. In behavioural as
 says\, worms are repelled by 1-undecene\, and this aversion response is 
 driven by the detection of this volatile through AWB odour sensory neuro
 ns. Furthermore\, 1-undecene oduor can induce immune effectors specific 
 to P. aeruginosa via AWB neurons and brief pre-exposure of worms to the 
 odour enhances their survival upon subsequent bacterial infection. These
  results show that 1-undecene derived from P. aeruginosa serves as a pat
 hogen-associated molecular pattern for the induction of protective respo
 nses in C. elegans. This study opens a new and exciting area of research
  into the use of odours as molecular patterns to enhance immune response
 s in animals. Can we harness volatile molecular patterns from various pa
 thogens and gut microbiota to modulate the immune response of animals? I
  will discuss strategies to delve into this exciting area of research. B
 iography: Varsha Singh obtained her Bachelor's in Science degree from Ba
 naras Hindu University\, Varanasi\, India in 1997. During her undergradu
 ate training\, she developed an interest in host-pathogen interactions. 
 She went on to do her Masters in Science at the Indian Institute of Scie
 nce in Bangalore and studied virulence factors of Mycobacterium tubercul
 osis. She earned her PhD degree from the Department of Biochemistry\, In
 dian Institute of Science for her thesis work on the role of heat shock 
 protein (Hsp) 70 in the pathogenesis of human malarial parasite Plasmodi
 um falciparum. While malaria parasite provided an interesting problem of
  cell biology\, it was not genetically tractable at that time. It prompt
 ed Dr. Singh to seek a genetically tractable system to study host-microb
 e interactions. She joined the laboratory of Dr. Alejandro Aballay at Du
 ke University Medical Center as a postdoc. She authored a profusely cite
 d study in PNAS to show that host stress response machinery composed of 
 heat shock proteins is required for the adequate response of worms to bo
 th Gram –ve and Gram +ve bacteria. This finding may explain why fever an
 d heat shock response generated during a fever episode may be beneficial
  to mammalian hosts as well. She has also shown that G protein-coupled r
 eceptors (GPCRs) and GPCR adaptor Arrestin in the nervous system of C. e
 legans regulate core immune signaling pathways. Her studies underscore t
 he importance of the nervous system as the master regulator of systemic 
 immune responses in multicellular organisms. Dr. Singh’s laboratory\, at
  the Indian Institute of Science\, utilizes C. elegans to understand how
  sensory neurons regulate behavioral as well as physiological responses 
 to P. aeruginosa. Her lab utilizes a multi-disciplinary approach to unde
 rstanding the role of specific odour sensory neurons. Her lab has contri
 buted to the understanding of bacterial secondary metabolites specifical
 ly volatiles as microbe associate molecular patterns for C. elegans. Ano
 ther interest of her lab is to study interspecies interaction amongst re
 spiratory pathogens such as P. aeruginosa\, Klebsiella pneumoniae\, and 
 Cryptococcus neoformans. Dr. Singh is a fellow of the Wellcome Trust-Dep
 artment of Biotechnology Alliance for her research program ‘Neural Regul
 ation of Immune Responses and Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans.’ She 
 also has funding from Indo-French Center for Advanced Scientific Researc
 h (CEFIPRA).
LOCATION:
CATEGORIES:BiomedicalSciences,DivisionalSeminars
LAST-MODIFIED:20211119T112513Z
ORGANIZER;CN=Jas Bains:
END:VEVENT
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