The series is aimed at both staff and students, and brings together academics from English and Comparative Literary Studies, Hispanic Studies, History, History of Art, the Institute of Advanced Study, Law, Liberal Arts, Philosophy, Research and Impact Services, Sociology, and the 糖心TV Writing Programme. Please join us to think about one of the most pressing issues of our time.
The term 2 lectures take place at some different times and in different locations - please see the schedule for details.
A short description of each of the talks can be found below.
David Fletcher
Censorship and self-censorship in Restoration drama
The subject of this lecture is the censorship of plays in late seventeenth century England. I will explore this issue mostly through a case study of one play -
The Lancashire Witches by Thomas Shadwell, first performed in 1681 at the height of the Popish Plot. This play provides a good example of attempts at unofficial forms of censorship; how formal censorship affected the text of the play; the differences between the censorship of the performed text and the uncensored published version, and finally how and why Shadwell adopted a policy of self-censorship around contested issues such as witchcraft and atheism.
Stefan Halikowski
Gustaw Herling-Grudzinski: The greatest Polish writer of 鈥榗amp literature鈥, his lifelong censorship, and redemption in the eyes of the Citizenship Act
This talk revisits the life of Gustaw Herling-Grudzinski (1919-2000), whose
Inny Swiat (
A World Apart), published 1951, was the first of the great Soviet Gulag exposes (foreword by Bertrand Russell). Herling made his life in exile, in Naples, and his works were banned in Poland, his home, until the very end of his life. I thought of him as I conclude the process of obtaining my own Polish passport. Art. 21, clause 10 of the Citizenship Act, 2012, offers an 80% reduction for 'persons with the status of anti-communist opposition or an anti-communist activist or a person repressed for political reasons'. The Polish state today (Third Republic, 1989-) commemorates and valorizes the lives of dissidents and anti-Communists who suffered exile, censorship and repression for fifty years under the PRL (Polish People's Republic, 1952-1989).
Angela McShane
Patterns of Repression: Silencing the Protest Song 1600-2020
Censorship is not just a praxis contingent upon a single work of art; it is also about the political processes and principles that are invoked in the business of regulation. While the personal and political issues at stake for protest singers and authorities changed radically from the outset of Britain鈥檚 popular music industry to the present day, this lecture shows how the processes and principles that underlie the shifting regulatory and legislative frameworks provided by successive governments seeking to control protesting and oppositional voices in the popular music trade have effectively remained the same.
J.E. Smyth
Clarisse鈥檚 Ghost: Ray Bradbury, the Hollywood Blacklist and the Making of Fahrenheit 451
For over 70 years, the cultural establishment has celebrated Ray Bradbury鈥檚 Fahrenheit 451. The story of one man鈥檚 awakening to the threat of censorship, the erasure of the past, and the freedom to read in an image-driven world was partly inspired by his experiences in Hollywood. But Bradbury was a peripheral observer of the political disintegration of the mid-century American film industry. He was not blacklisted and developed his novel with a supportive group of men in publishing. Fahrenheit 451ends with the hero joining a fraternity devoted to the preservation of books written by men. The author also had a post-publication 鈥榟appy ending鈥 when he sailed to Europe to work on John Huston鈥檚 adaptation of Moby Dick. Bradbury鈥檚 friend and colleague, the president of the Screen Writers Guild and one of the most visible women in Hollywood, was not so fortunate. My lecture will explore their overlapping writing careers and outline the stakes of another 鈥榗ulture war鈥: the relentless erasure of female screen and television writers by agents, publishers, film producers, directors of archives, historians鈥nd their male colleagues. It is time to remember who has really been burned.
Michael Gardiner
Cancellation, the highest stage of capitalism
This title plays on E.P. Thompson鈥檚 description of 鈥楨xterminism, the Highest Stage of Civilization鈥, and describes how although the cancellations characterising the late 2010s and early 2020s seemed to come from a progressive left, they needed a precarious middle class co-opted into reducing difference to value extraction. 鈥楥ancellation鈥 describes an algorithmic elite asset-stripping of populations, but is concrete in another two ways. Firstly, as cancellation kicks in and the political narrows, longterm thinking is virtuously shadow-banned; a massive nuclear rearming around 2020 had little cultural registration, and was effectively normalised. This is Thompson鈥檚 exterminism, a deterrent condition for which populations themselves have become extraneous, and the population itself 鈥榗ancelled鈥 (Elaine Scarry). Aerospace and infotech concerns increasingly cross-invest and conglomerate; public shaming is used to enforce a history-killing algorithmic siloing. Secondly, cancellation might mark a 鈥榟ighest鈥 stage in that classical capitalism has partially collapsed into a solid-state or neofeudal condition (Varoufakis, Wark, Durant, Dean), breaking the promised bind of profit and progress. The paper touches on theorists including McKenzie Wark, Fran莽ois Bonnet, Byung-Chul Han, Thomas Moynihan, Drew Milne, Nishitani Keiji, and Beno卯t Pelopidas.
Kamila Kocialkowska
Dot, dot, dot: Censorship and Ellipsis in Russian Literature
In 1914, the Georgian poet, Vladimir Maiakovskii lamented that the 鈥榗ensors blew threw鈥 his latest book and that 鈥榮ix pages appeared reduced to dots鈥. The poet had fallen victim to a common strategy in nineteenth and twentieth-century literary censorship: the practice of replacing banned content with rows of printed dots. And yet, even as Maiakovskii despaired of having his poetry censored, he nonetheless, later began incorporating similar effects into his own poetic stanzas. This lecture explores the trend of ellipses in Futurist books, which were often illustrated with pinpoints incorporated into the text as perforated line breaks. It reads this device in comparison to the use of censorial ellipsis throughout the Russian literary canon, noting how numerous classic works, from Pushkin to Tolstoy, reached their readers with lines of prose reduced to dots. This lecture questions how censorial strategies were simultaneously evaded and imitated by the creative vanguard and how early twentieth-century readerships were primed to encounter signs of omission in everyday texts.
Paulo de Medeiros
Desire, Law, Fascism: 鈥楾he New Portuguese Letters鈥
鈥楾he New Portuguese Letters鈥 published in 1972 was a revolutionary text that became a hallmark of feminist theory. It led to the prosecution for pornography and moral indecency, of the three women who had written it as a collective project. It exposed the profound rot at the core of the Portuguese fascist regime and the extreme violence, both subterranean and visible, that shaped a whole society. Although it marked an era, the questions it raises on oppression, censorship, the need for poetic expression, and freedom are not only still vital but have come more and more to the fore with the rise of authoritarianism and neofascism everywhere.
Daniel Katz
Louis Aragon鈥檚 鈥淔ront Rouge鈥: Revolution between Accident and Occasion
Discusses Aragon鈥檚 poem, 鈥淔ront Rouge鈥 of 1931, the publication of which led to criminal charges being filed against him. I analyse Andr茅 Breton鈥檚 defence of Aragon in several texts in what amounts to a proclamation of the right to completely free expression in the arts, and why many writers and artists, including Aragon himself, rejected Breton鈥檚 logic. Through this optic, I examine certain recurring questions and problems pertaining to 鈥減olitical鈥 literature, as well as the deeper conceptual issues that inevitably arise in any attempt to police the expression of ideas.
Stephen Connelly
Plato and the Prohibition of Lamentation
The 鈥榝all of city鈥 lament is a cultural output with its origins in the oldest Mesopotamian cultures, and which spreads throughout the ancient Near East, reaching Anatolia where it is encountered by the Greeks. Here, at the birth of western legal philosophy, Plato argues repeatedly for the prohibition of lamenting. His fixation of censoring the practice is echoed beyond Athens, in Cicero and Philo Judaeus, and through time, being still the subject of commentary by Proclus. So what is it about lamentation poetry and song that Plato finds so abhorrent? What threat to the polis, law and philosophy does he see in lamenting lost cities?